Análisis del perfil en el personal de conducción de los hospitales públicos / Management staff profile analysis in public hospitals

Introducción: El personal de conducción en las organizaciones sanitarias está a cargo del proceso de dirigir, organizar, diseñar, optimizar y evaluar las actividades de los miembros de un grupo interdisciplinario. La meta es forjar un grupo de acción comprometido con la calidad, dispuesto a lograr la visión y los objetivos de la organización. Los OBJETIVOS del presente trabajo fueron conocer las características del personal de conducción en los hospitales públicos de Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), analizar sus errores más frecuentes, evaluar la visión del grupo de trabajo con respecto a la persona que ocupa el cargo y determinar si el personal se percibe apto para ejercer dicho cargo. METODOS: estudio transversal, descriptivo, prospectivo, realizado en el período de julio a noviembre del año 2021, con un abordaje mixto no probabilístico mediante una encuesta semi estructurada orientada a contestar cada uno de los objetivos. La misma fue diseñada en un formato de Google form y enviada vía e-mail y por WhatsApp a el personal de salud de los hospitales públicos de CABA. RESULTADOS: de las 91 encuestas realizadas obtuvimos que: liderazgo, capacitación en el área en que se desempeña y responsabilidad fueron las cualidades destacadas por los encuestados. El 85.7 (78) respondió que el requisito indispensable para el personal de conducción fue confiabilidad, responsabilidad, dar el ejemplo y estar disponibles para los demás. En relación a los errores más frecuentes el 56% (51) mencionó la falta de comunicación y el 52.7% (48) eligió la opción de imponer condiciones sin escuchar. Solo el 18.7% (17) de los encuestados no se sintió valorado por la persona que desempeña el cargo de conducción en su trabajo y el 61.5% (56) refirió sentirse capacitado para asumir un cargo de conducción por haber realizado cursos, ser resolutivos y/o poseer la capacidad de liderazgo. DISCUSION: Esta investigación nos ayudó a establecer la percepción y las expectativas del personal de salud en relación a las jefaturas y establecer las principales características que debería poseer la persona que ejerce cargos de conducción en los Hospitales Públicos de CABA.

Introduction: In health organizations, management staff is in charge of leading, organizing, designing, optimizing and evaluating the activities of all members of an interdisciplinary group. The purpose is to shape a team committed with quality, willing to accomplish the organization vision and objectives. The goals of this research were: to obtain information about the profile of Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) public hospitals management staff, to analyse their most frequent mistakes, to evaluate personnel opinions regarding their leaders, and to determine if management staff feels fit for the position. METHOD: The study was cross-sectional, descriptive and prospective. It was carried out between July and November 2021 with a mixed, non-probabilistic approach, with a semi-structured questionnaire prepared in Google Forms and sent by e-mail and whatsapp to CABA public hospitals personnel. RESULTS: From 91 surveys made, leadership, training in their own expertise area, and responsibility were the most highlighted qualities. 85.7% (78) of the respondents answered that it was essential for management staff to be reliable, be responsible, to walk the talk and to be available for their group. 56%(51) mentioned the "lack of communication skills" option and 52.7%(48) chose the "impose conditions without listening" option as the most frequent mistakes in their working area. Only 18.7%(17) did not feel highly regarded by management staff and 61.5%(56) referred to be suitable for management positions, as they had attended courses, were able to solve problems at work and had leadership ability. DISCUSSION: This investigation helped us to establish the health personnel perceptions and expectatives in relation to the chiefs and/or main characterstics of CABA public hospitals management staff

Validación de un instrumento para la categorización de usuarios, según dependencia y riesgo de cuidados, adaptado para servicios de neonatología de hospitales públicos de Chile / Validation of an instrument for the categorization of users according to dependence and risk of care, adapted for neonatology services of public hospitals of Chile

La categorización de usuarios según dependencia y riesgo de cuidados a través del instrumento CUDYR, responde a la reforma de salud chilena, que enfoca la gestión de las instituciones asistenciales, los cuales deben mejorar su eficiencia, efectividad, calidad y seguridad, otorgando una herramienta para la gestión del cuidado en atención cerrada. El objetivo de este estudio fue adaptar y validar el instrumento CUDYR para servicios de Neonatología de hospitales públicos de Chile. La muestra no probabilística correspondió a los casos disponibles por intención según los criterios de inclusión de juicio de expertos y estuvo conformada por 152 pacientes de un hospital público de Chile. Se aplicó consentimiento informado, utilizando los principios éticos propuestos por Ezequiel Emanuel. Se realizó adaptación del instrumento vigente por expertos en el área, abarcando filosofía de cuidados neonatales, y validación por contenido por contraparte experta en el área obteniéndose una calificación entre un 97% y 100% sobre la pertinencia de los ítems propuestos. Se aplicó el instrumento CUDYR-NEO durante diciembre de 2017. El instrumento final quedó conformado por dos dimensiones con una fiabilidad estimada mediante alfa ordinal de 0,89 y una varianza extraída de aprox. 0,56 (sobre 0,5) lo cual determina una alta calidad de medición del instrumento. Además, el instrumento cumple tanto con la validez convergente, así como con la validez discriminante. La saturación de los ítems en los factores latentes presentó cargas factoriales por sobre los 0,47 con un máximo de 0,99 consideradas como altas. Se concluye que el instrumento CUDYR-NEO presenta propiedades psicométricas suficientes y altas de fiabilidad y validez, constituyendo una herramienta adecuada para la categorización de usuarios según dependencia-riesgo en servicios de Neonatología.

The categorization of users according to dependence and risk of care through the CUDYR instrument, responds to the Chilean health reform, which focuses on the management of healthcare institutions, which should improve their efficiency, effectiveness, quality and safety, providing a tool for the management of care in closed care. The objective of this study was to adapt and validate the CUDYR-NEO instrument based on the CUDYR for Neonatology services of public hospitals in Chile. The non-probabilistic sample corresponded to the cases available by intention according to the inclusion criteria of expert judgment and consisted of 152 patients from a public hospital in Chile, informed consent was applied, using the ethical principles proposed by Ezequiel Emanuel. The current instrument was adapted by experts in the area, covering the philosophy of neonatal care, and validation by content by expert counterparts in the area, obtaining a score between 97% and 100% on the relevance of the proposed items. The CUDYR-NEO instrument was applied during December 2017. The final instrument was made up of two dimensions with a reliability estimated by ordinal alpha of 0.89 and an extracted variance of approx. 0.56 (about 0.5) which determines a high measurement quality of the instrument. In addition, the instrument meets both the convergent validity as well as the discriminant validity. The saturation of the items in the latent factors presented factorial loads over the 0,478 with a maximum of 0.99 considered as high. It is concluded that the CUDYR-NEO instrument has sufficient psychometric properties and high reliability and validity, constituting an adequate tool for the categorization of users according to risk-dependency and care management in Neonatology services.

Forecasting care seekers satisfaction with telemedicine using machine learning and structural equation modeling.

Many individuals visit rural telemedicine centres to obtain safe and effective health remedies for their physical and emotional illnesses. This study investigates the antecedents of patients' satisfaction relating to telemedicine adoption in rural public hospitals settings in Bangladesh through the adaptation of Expectation Disconfirmation Theory extended by Social Cognitive Theory. This research advances a theoretically sustained prediction model forecasting patients' satisfaction with telemedicine to enable informed decision making. A research model explores four potential antecedents: expectations, performance, disconfirmation, and enjoyment; that significantly contribute to predicting patients' satisfaction concerning telemedicine adoption in Bangladesh. This model is validated using two-staged structural equation modeling and artificial neural network approaches. The findings demonstrate the determinants of patients' satisfaction with telemedicine. The presented model will assist medical practitioners, academics, and information systems practitioners to develop high-quality decisions in the future application of telemedicine. Pertinent implications, limitations and future research directions are endorsed securing long-term telemedicine sustainability.

Depression, anxiety and associated factors among people with epilepsy and attending outpatient treatment at primary public hospitals in northwest Ethiopia: A multicenter cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the magnitude and factors associated with depression and anxiety among people with epilepsy and attending out-patient treatment at central Gondar zone primary public hospitals, northwest, Ethiopia. METHOD: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from May-June, 2020 at central Gondar zone primary public hospitals. A total of 589 participants were chosen by systematic sampling technique. Data was collected by utilizing Amharic version interviewer-administered structured and semi-structured questioners. Depression and anxiety were assessed by using hospital anxiety and depression scale. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to recognize variables related to both depression and anxiety. Association was described by using "adjusted odds ratio" (AOR) along with 95% full Confidence interval (CI). Finally, P-values < 0.05 in adjusted analysis were taken as a cut off for significant association. RESULT: Out of 556 participants included in the study, 30.9%, 33.1% had depression and anxiety respectively. Being divorced/widowed (AOR = 2.43, 95% CI, 1.18-4.99), using two and above number of antiepileptic medications (AOR = 1.77,95% CI,1.02-3.09), very frequent seizure frequency (AOR = 2.68, 95% CI,1.30-5.51), current substance use (AOR = 1.82, 95% CI, 1.03-3.22), perceived stigma (AOR = 5.67,95% CI,3.14-8.18), and hazardous alcohol use (AOR = 2.84, 95% CI,1.32-6.09) were statistically associated with depression. While, being a single (AOR = 1.65, 95% CI, 1.04-2.63), using two and above number of antiepileptic medications (AOR = 2.27, 95% CI, 1.42-3.62), duration of illness ≥16 years (AOR = 2.82, 95% CI, 1.26-6.31), and perceived stigma (AOR = 2.49, 95% CI, 1.63-3.82) were statistically associated with anxiety at a p-value < 0.05. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the magnitude of depression and anxiety were relatively high among people with epilepsy. Using two and above number of antiepileptic medications and perceived stigma were statistically associated with both depression and anxiety. Screening, early identification and providing appropriate intervention of depression and anxiety among people with epilepsy should be great concern for the health care providers.

The pathogenic characteristics and influencing factors of health care-associated infection in elderly care center under the mode of integration of medical care and elderly care service: A cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in hospitalized patients in elderly care centers under the mode of integration of medical care and elderly care service, and explore the influencing factors to reduce the health care-associated infection rate of hospitalized patients.A total of 2597 inpatients admitted to elderly care centers from April 2018 to December 2019 were included in the study. The etiology characteristics of health care-associated infections (HCAI) was statistically analyzed, univariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis method were used to analyze the influencing factors of HCAI.A total of 98 of 2597 inpatients in the elderly care centers had HCAI, and the infection rate was 3.77%. The infection sites were mainly in the lower respiratory tract and urinary tract, accounting for 53.92% and 18.63%, respectively. A total of 53 pathogenic bacteria were isolated, 43 of which (81.13%) were Gram-negative, mainly Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which respectively accounted for 24.53, 16.98, and 13.21%. 9 (16.98%) strains were Gram-positive, mainly Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium, respectively accounting for 7.55 and 5.66%. Only 1 patient (1.89%) had a fungal infection. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that total hospitalization days, antibiotic agents used, days of central line catheter, use of urinary catheter and diabetes were independent risk factors of nosocomial infection in elderly care centers (P < .05).Many factors can lead to nosocomial infections in elderly care centers. Medical staff should take effective intervention measures according to the influencing factors to reduce the risk of infection in elderly care facilities.

Empanelment of health care facilities under Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY) in India.

INTRODUCTION: India's Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) is the world's largest health assurance scheme providing health cover of 500,000 INR (about USD 6,800) per family per year. It provides financial support for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization expenses to about 500 million of India's poorest households through various insurance models with care delivered by public and private empanelled providers. This study undertook to describe the provider empanelment of PM-JAY, a key element of its functioning and determinant of its impact. METHODS: We carried out secondary analysis of cross-sectional administrative program data publicly available in PM-JAY portal for 30 Indian states and 06 UTs. We analysed the state wise distribution, type and sector of empanelled hospitals and services offered through PM-JAY scheme across all the states and UTs. RESULTS: We found that out of the total facilities empanelled (N = 20,257) under the scheme in 2020, more than half (N = 11,367, 56%) were in the public sector, while 8,157 (40%) facilities were private for profit, and 733 (4%) were private not for profit entities. State wise distribution of hospitals showed that five states (Karnataka (N = 2,996, 14.9%), Gujarat (N = 2,672, 13.3%), Uttar Pradesh (N = 2,627, 13%), Tamil Nadu (N = 2315, 11.5%) and Rajasthan (N = 2,093 facilities, 10.4%) contributed to more than 60% of empanelled PMJAY facilities: We also observed that 40% of facilities were offering between two and five specialties while 14% of empanelled hospitals provided 21-24 specialties. CONCLUSION: A majority of the hospital empanelled under the scheme are in states with previous experience of implementing publicly funded health insurance schemes, with the exception of Uttar Pradesh. Reasons underlying these patterns of empanelment as well as the impact of empanelment on service access, utilisation, population health and financial risk protection warrant further study. While the inclusion and regulation of the private sector is a goal that may be served by empanelment, the role of public sector remains critical, particularly in underserved areas of India.

Gynecologic oncology treatment modifications or delays in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in a publicly funded versus privately funded North American tertiary cancer center.

OBJECTIVE: To compare gynecologic oncology surgical treatment modifications and delays during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic between a publicly funded Canadian versus a privately funded American cancer center. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of all planned gynecologic oncology surgeries at University Health Network (UHN) in Toronto, Canada and Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) in Boston, USA, between March 22,020 and July 302,020. Surgical treatment delays and modifications at both centers were compared to standard recommendations. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to adjust for confounders. RESULTS: A total of 450 surgical gynecologic oncology patients were included; 215 at UHN and 235 at BWH. There was a significant difference in median time from decision-to-treat to treatment (23 vs 15 days, p < 0.01) between UHN and BWH and a significant difference in treatment delays (32.56% vs 18.29%; p < 0.01) and modifications (8.37% vs 0.85%; p < 0.01), respectively. On multivariable analysis adjusting for age, race, treatment site and surgical priority status, treatment at UHN was an independent predictor of treatment modification (OR = 9.43,95% CI 1.81-49.05, p < 0.01). Treatment delays were higher at UHN (OR = 1.96,95% CI 1.14-3.36 p = 0.03) and for uterine disease (OR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.11-5.33, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: During the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic, gynecologic oncology patients treated at a publicly funded Canadian center were 9.43 times more likely to have a surgical treatment modification and 1.96 times more likely to have a surgical delay compared to an equal volume privately funded center in the United States.

Predictors of patient safety culture in hospitals in Venezuela: A cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT: An organization's culture with regard to patient safety is important because it defines the beliefs and practices of the organization, and consequently its efficiency and productivity.Knowing the level of this and the factors that influence or not their dynamic represents a challenge, due to the degree of complexity and specificity of the elements involved.The aim of this study was to analyze predictors of patient safety culture in public and private hospitals and examining the factors that contribute to it, constructing a new and specific theoretical and methodological model.This study was carried out by reviewing medical records, detecting healthcare professionals directly involved in caring (N = 588), for patients in 2 public hospitals and 2 private hospitals in Venezuela (N = 566), conducting an "Analysis of Patient Safety Culture" questionnaire. The results were subsequently analyzed, derived 3 predictors factors and using a Patient Safety Culture Index (PSCI) for specific determination to evaluate patient safety culture level.The analysis showed that all hospitals had a "moderately unfavorable" PSCI (public = 52.96, private = 52.67, sig = 0.90). The PSCI was calculated by assessing the weight of the following factors in the index: occupational factors (factor loading = 32.03), communication factors (factor loading = 11.83), and organizational factors (factor loading = 9.10). Traumatology presented the lowest PSCI of all the care units, falling into the "unfavorable" category (36.48), and Laboratory the highest (70.02) (sig = 0.174), falling into the "moderately favorable" category. When analyzing professional groups, nurses had the highest PSCI, with a "moderately unfavorable" rating (PSCI = 61.1) and medical residents the lowest, falling into the "unfavorable" category (35.2). Adverse event reporting is determined by "management expectations and actions" (sig = 0.048) and "direct interaction with the patient" (sig = 0.049).The use of this theoretical and methodological approach in other contexts may provide a more objective system for identifying more specific needs and factors that influence in patient safety culture, and consequently, opportunities for improvement when constructing a patient safety culture in healthcare institutions. Efforts need to be made to improve safety culture in the hospitals studied, irrespective of whether they are public or private.

Ten-Year Comparison of Medication Complications Rates in Public and Private Hospitals in Victoria, Australia.

Medication errors occur as a result of failure in the treatment process at any point in the healthcare system. This is a retrospective study aimed at determining the rates of medication-related errors over a 10-year period in hospitals in Victoria, Australia. From 2009 to 2019, the overall rate for adverse drug events, accidental poisoning and undetermined intent were 86.15, 1.3 and 0.17 per 10,000 hospital separations, respectively. Medication complications occurred more in public hospitals. Adverse drug events account for less than 1% of all hospital separations. Medication errors contributing factors should be investigated in out of hospital environment.

[Liaison geriatrics with nursing homes in COVID time. A new coordination model arrived to stay]. / La Geriatría de Enlace con residencias en la época de la COVID-19. Un nuevo modelo de coordinación que ha llegado para quedarse.

Older people living in nursing homes fulfil the criteria to be considered as geriatric patients, but they often do not have met their health care needs. Current deficits appeared as a result of COVID-19 pandemic. The need to improve the coordination between hospitals and nursing homes emerged, and in Madrid it materialized with the implantation of Liaison Geriatrics teams or units at public hospitals. The Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología has defined the role of the geriatricians in the COVID-19 pandemic and they have given guidelines about prevention, early detection, isolation and sectorization, training, care homes classification, patient referral coordination, and the role of the different care settings, among others. These units and teams also must undertake other care activities that have a shortfall currently, like nursing homes-hospital coordination, geriatricians visits to the homes, telemedicine sessions, geriatric assessment in emergency rooms, and primary care and public health services coordination. This paper describes the concept of Liaison Geriatrics and its implementation at the Autonomous Community of Madrid hospitals as a result of COVID-19 pandemic. Activity data from a unit at a hospital with a huge number of nursing homes in its catchment area are reported. The objective is to understand the need of this activity in order to avoid the current fragmentation of care between hospitals and nursing homes. This activity should be consolidated in the future.

Person-Centered Communication Between Health Care Professionals and COVID-19-Infected Older Adults in Acute Care Settings: Findings From Wuhan, China.

OBJECTIVES: The current study aims to explore person-centered communication between health care professionals and COVID-19-infected older patients in acute care settings. METHODS: The current qualitative study explored the communication between professionals and COVID-19-infected older adults in the acute care setting through 2 rounds of interviews with physicians and nurses who provided direct care and treatment for COVID-19-infected older patients in Wuhan, China. We explored the possibilities and significance of facilitating effective communication despite multiple challenges in the pandemic. Conventional content analysis was adopted to analyze the rich data collected from our participants. RESULTS: It is possible and necessary to initiate and sustain person-centered communication despite multiple challenges brought by the pandemic. The achievement of person-centered communication can play significant roles in addressing challenges, building mutual trust, improving quality of care and relationships, and promoting treatment adherence and patients' psychological well-being. DISCUSSION: It is challenging for health care professionals to provide care for COVID-19-infected older adults, especially for those with cognitive and sensory impairment, in acute care settings. Facilitating person-centered communication is a significant strategy in responding to the pandemic crisis and a core element of person-centered care.

Malta's only acute public hospital service during COVID-19: a diary of events from the first wave to transition phase.

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 has challenged healthcare systems worldwide. Some countries collapsed under surge conditions, while others (such as Malta) showed resilience. Public health measures in Malta quickly reined in COVID-19 spread. This review summarizes pandemic preparedness measures in Malta and the impact on routine services. METHODS: A literature search was conducted using Google, Google Scholar and PubMed and by reviewing Maltese online newspapers. A comprehensive summary of internal operations conducted at Mater Dei Hospital (MDH) was made available. RESULTS: A hospital 'Incident Command Group' was set up to plan an optimal COVID-19 response strategy. A 'rapid response team' was also created to cater for the logistics and management of supplies. A 'COVID-19 Emergency Operation Centre' simulated different COVID-19 scenarios. All elective services were suspended and all staff were mandatorily trained in wearing personal protective equipment. Staff were also retrained in the care of COVID-19 patients. In preparation for potential admission surges, MDH underwent rapid expansion of normal and intensive care beds. Swabbing was ramped up to one of the highest national rates worldwide. The cost for hospital COVID-19 preparedness exceeded €100 million for Malta's half a million population. CONCLUSION: Malta and its sole acute hospital coped well with the first wave with 680 cases and 9 deaths. The increased ability to deal with COVID-19 (a principally respiratory pathogen) will serve well for the anticipated combined annual influenza and the COVID-19 second wave this coming winter.

A Multicentre Study of Nursing Leadership in Andalusian Hospitals from a Gender-based Perspective

ABSTRACT Introduction: Leadership is the ability to guide subordinates in a direction or decision so that they can perform a task or achieve a goal that leaves them feeling empowered and accomplished. Leaders are capable of producing changes and at the same time, they inspire others to do the same. This research analysed gender-based differences and dimensions of nursing leadership styles in 18 hospitals in Andalusia, a region of southern Spain. Methods: The sample population of the study comprised 335 subjects, who were middle managers in 18 public regional hospitals in Andalusia. The instrument used to measure different leadership styles was the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ 5X-Short form), which is composed of 45 items. Results: The study showed that the most predominant leadership style was transactional leadership with a mean value of M = 4.22 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.42) followed by transformational leadership with a mean value of M = 3.97 (SD 0.45). Of the three styles analysed, transactional leadership had the highest statistical median for both male and female subjects. From a gender-based perspective, transformational leadership showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) between men and women. This was true for leadership styles as well as for the dimensions that define each style. Conclusion: The most frequent leadership style in middle nursing management in Andalusian hospitals was transactional leadership. In regard to the three leadership styles as well as their dimensions, the female subjects obtained the highest scores. This means that from a gender-based perspective, female nursing managers had better performance levels than their male counterparts in the regional hospital system in Andalusia.